彩绘人生

文 · 吴明珠
图 · 受访者提供

在我国的印度族同胞当中,和华族接触最为频密的要算是威佳雅(Vijaya Mo-han)。威佳雅和华人在一起可不是吃吃喝喝,她是在向他们传授她的专长:印度传统粉彩艺术。

和李显龙总理一起创作朗歌丽

威佳雅(左二)和华裔画家黄意会(右一)及马来画家达兴(左一)与李显龙总理合影

创作超过一万件粉彩

威佳雅(60岁)在过去20多年来向公众人士传授朗歌丽(Rangoli)—一种民间的粉彩,主要是把 色的米和颜色粉及装饰性的金粉洒在地上构成图案。有一位西报记者称她为地板上的艺术家。威佳雅迄今已创作超过1万件粉彩。与她一起参与创作的人数近8000人,大部分是华族。朗歌丽虽然属于民间艺术,却丝毫也不简单。创作者和其他画家一样要有构图的概念。更困难的是要站着,双脚距离约两尺宽,然后弯下腰制图。她告诉我这个姿势是瑜伽动作的一种,有利于气血循环。

“学生们喜欢叫我朗歌丽老师,各种年龄的人都有,我让他们积极地参与,他们学得很高兴。每回合作完毕,他们总是很依依不舍地问我几时再和他们一起作画。” 威佳雅在40多个地方单独表演及与公众人士合作。表演场所有滨海花园、购物中心、大酒店、民众俱乐部、学校及博物馆等。滨海艺术中心还向她买了一幅作品。

最令她兴奋的是曾和李总理及纳丹总统合作。“李总理和我一起创作三、四次。能有他的参与,我感到十分光荣。希望不久的将来有机会和哈莉玛总统一起创作。”

印度传统粉彩艺术朗歌丽

自创新加朗歌丽

威佳雅出生并成长于南印度淡米尔纳都省的特里奇。她3岁起便旁观母亲创作朗歌丽,母亲每天一醒来便做朗歌丽。“五颜六色的朗歌丽很醒目,人们一踏进屋子,看到它就会开心。”每年 12月中至1月中是淡米尔语族群最吉祥的日子,节日很多。母亲和村人都会在庭院里用染色的米粒磨成的粉制作朗歌丽。凡重要节日如生日,婚礼 和满月,朗歌丽更不可或缺,而且不同的喜事要创作不同的图形。

威佳雅说:“兴都教是多神的宗教,朗歌丽是为众神创作,祈求他们为我们带来健康,财富和好运。” 威佳雅6岁开始创作自己的朗歌丽。“我小的时候常常带着笔记本和钢笔,看到美丽的图案就 会把它画下来。”尽管她已经出了名,她还是觉得母亲做的粉彩最美。

“新加坡是一个多元文化的国家,我看到的东西很多,激发我许多创作的灵感,我把我和学生们合作的成果取名新加朗歌丽(SINGARANGOLI),意思是富有新加坡特色的朗歌丽。”

她大胆地采用各种材料以产生不同的视觉效果。棉花棒、水果、破手镯、玻璃碎片等都进入她的作品。2016年10月她碰到一个大挑战。那一年的屠妖节,她在滨海湾花园和一群人用1万5000粒大理石弹珠创作朗歌丽。忽然间扫来一阵豪雨,他们来不及抢救,整个作品浮在水面上。他们说什么也不愿放弃。幸好雨很快停,作品才得以顺利完成。这幅作品共10×12米长。早在8月威佳雅已经分别和25间福利团体及学校共同创作了500件朗歌丽。她和学生在滨海湾花园把这500件作品拼凑起来。

创下健力士世界最长朗歌丽记录

真正考验威佳雅魄力的是2003年她单手在黄埔民众联络所的创作。那一次她完成一件长达256 平方米的作品。她因这一件作品而荣获健力士最长与最快完成的朗歌丽记录。她说:“我一共花了7小时创作。那时的文化部对我大力支持,派来的工作人员从头看到尾。”在国内,她也创下30 项新加坡朗歌丽的记录。这30项记录是以作品的长度和参与人数的多寡为准则。

威佳雅说:“创作朗歌丽能够给你许多正能量,让你健康。” 威佳雅体格健硕,说话声音洪亮。我在她的家访问,她4岁的孙子刚放学回来, 因天气炎热而有点烦躁。威佳雅立刻打开手机找寻他喜欢听的象神歌。他一听,心情立刻平静下 来,乖乖地吃饭。我赞扬她精力充沛,她回答 说:“我的力量是神给我的。世界上的一切人事都是神的努力。神把人与人联系起来,所有的相遇都是注定的。”

创作2019年妆艺大游行巨画

2019年是威佳雅的丰收年。她和华裔画家黄意会及马来画家达兴共同创作一幅长达270米的巨画。这幅胶彩画描绘新加坡过去、现在及未来的图景,是2019年妆艺大游行的重点节目之一。这一幅为纪念新加坡开埠200年而创作的 高挂在三辆花车上。作品目前在淡滨尼中心展览。

威佳雅兴奋地说:“有机会参与巨画的创作,我太高兴啦。这幅画将会永远留下来,让年轻人知道我是谁。这也是我对国家的一个贡献。”

今年8月底她在史丹福艺术中心表演,300多个人和她一起创作,其中大部分是儿童。9月初她在新加坡夜间艺术节表演。

威佳雅1992年与家人移居我国。丈夫已故,现和母亲、女儿、女婿及两个外孙同住 在波东巴西一间有地的产业。

朗歌丽和艺术治疗的完美结合

威佳雅曾在普通学校和有特殊需要的孩子的学校授课。她对有特殊需要的孩子特别 有感情。她说:“普通学校的孩子教一遍, 有特殊需要的孩子你要向他示范两三次。我从经验中发现有特殊需要的孩子一样有想象力,能做美丽的图案。”威佳雅已考取了拉萨尔艺术学院艺术治疗硕士学位,现在在该学院攻读博士。“我的理想是结合朗歌丽艺术和艺术治疗的理念帮助有特别需要的孩 子,提升他们对色彩和构图的欣赏力。”

在国外表演

2012年,威佳雅受邀到美国西部的尼布拉斯卡为一个国际会议创作朗歌丽。2014年 在纽约一个大型的艺术展览会展览朗歌丽。 此外她也曾去文莱和毛里求斯表演。明年会去澳洲。今年10月英国广播公司为她做了一 个个人专访。威佳雅说:“我希望将来创作出更美丽,更复杂的图案。”

Artist Who Lives A Colourful Life

In our social circle, Madam Vijaya Mohan is probably the Indian lady who has the highest number of contacts with the Chinese. It’s because she is imparting her rangoli skill to them. Sixty-year-old Vijaya has been teaching the public the folk art of forming pictures with coloured powder and glitter on the floor, in the past 20 odd years. She has created more than 10,000 pieces of rangoli with nearly 8,000 people, most of them Chinese.

The rangoli artist stands straight first and then bends down to spread the powder to make patterns. It is a yoga posture and is good for blood circulation.

Her students call her rangoli teacher, they have all been actively involved in creating the art and always ask her when is the next session. She has performed in nearly 50 places singly and with hundreds of people young and old. The venues where she has performed include Esplanade, Gardens by The Bay, Community Centres and museums. The most memorable experiences are the three or four times she taught P.M. “I’m looking forward to creating rangoli with our President Madam Halimah.”

Vijaya watched her mother draw rangoli when she was three. She started creating her own patterns when she was six. In her hometown Trichy, creating rangoli is an activity performed on religious festivals and important days such as a wedding, birthday and a baby’s first-month celebration. It is supposed to brighten up the visitors’ mood and bring wealth and health to everyone.

Singapore being a multi-cultural society has given Vijaya rich visual stimulation and prompted her to create new images. She has named the various collaborations with her students “Singarangoli” to mark the uniqueness of their creations.

Vijaya has been bold to use a wide variety of materials for her art. These include broken bracelet, glass, cotton stick, marble and even fresh fruit. In 2016 when she performed with a group of people using 15,000 glass marbles at the Gardens by the Bay, they were hit by a sudden gust of rain, and the artwork floated above the water. Luckily the rain stopped shortly and the rangoli was completed. Before this in August, Vijaya had created 500 small pieces of rangoli with the help of people from 25 organisations. The 500 pieces were then pieced together at the Gardens by the Bay.

In 2003, she single-handedly completed a 256-sqm rangoli at Whampoa C.C. which won her a Guinness Record of the longest rangoli in the world. She also holds 30 Singapore records for rangoli and has performed in many countries.

Vijaya has been busy this year. For Chingay 2019, she and artist Ng Yak Whee and Malay artist Dahim created a 270 m painting depicting the past, present and future views of Singapore. Vijaya has many years of teaching experience. She has a liking for children with special needs and is patient with them. She is pursuing a PhD in art therapy at Lasalle College of the Arts.

(作者为本刊特约记者)